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TICKET ARCHIVE -> Need help on how to access internet via PC Lan.
kwng - Jan 27, 2006 - 3:25 pm
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Hi. I have just got myself a AAUI-15 to RJ45 transceiver which is then connected to my powerbook 520c. My powerbook is running OS 7.5
and has Mactcp and ethertalk. Currently, I have a LAN which three windows-xp PCs where one is connected to the internet via a cable modem and the other two are connected to hub via RJ45 cables. The main PC (server) is connected to the cable modem via an USB connection while there is also an RJ45 cable which connect this server to the hub.

I have no router so I am using Windows XP small office/home network connection (windows xp built in software). Now I have just got a used Powerbook which I hope it will connect to them and then access internet through the main server which is windows based PC. Is that possible? What do I need to be able to so? The hub has one more slot and I have connected it to a RJ45 cable already which is connected to the AAUI transceiver that connected to my powerbook.

Any tips and help is highly appreciated.

Thank you.
stottm - Jan 28, 2006 - 10:35 am
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Sounds like the hardware layout will work. I assume the Windows computers are working and sharing the Internet connection and that they all work. The trick is getting tcp/ip networking under OS 7.5 to work. You will need to configure tcp/ip in a similar fashion to one of the two Windows computers connected to the hub. You would need to determine if they are set to static IP addresses or if they are getting an IP address via DHCP from the Windows computer connected to the cable modem and what the other network settings are.

How to figure out Windows network settings: (from one of the two plugged into hub, not the one connected to the cable modem)

- Click START then left-click on My Computer
- On the left side of the screen you should see a sort of sidebar with links. Right-click on the My Network Places and then left-click on properties.
- You should now see all the network adaptors listed.
- Right-click on the LAN - Ethernet adaptor and left-click on Properties.
- Double-click on the tcp/ip entry in the list box.
- Click advanced down at the bottom of the dialog box.
- You will now have the tcp/ip dialog open with a bunch of tabs along the top.
- Go through the tabs and compare the settings to the ones you have in Mac OS 7.5 Mactcpip/ethertalk.
- You need to set PowerBooks settings in a similar fashion to how the Windows computer is configured. If it is a static IP Address (manually entered) then you need to choose a similar but not the same address. i.e. if Winbox is 192.168.1.10 you can set your PowerBook to 192.168.1.20. Check the other two Windows boxes to make sure you didn't choose an address which is the same as another computer on the same network.
- Look for the subnet mask which is usually 255.255.255.0 or 255.255.252.0
- Look for the DNS servers which are probably set to the IP address of the Windows computer attached to the cable modem (if DHCP) or the ISP's actual DNS server ip addresses if static.
- If the ip range is 192.168.1.x the broadcast address should be 192.168.1.255
- The gateway address should be the ip address of the Windows computer that is connected directly to the cable modem.
- A quick way to determine ip address on a Windows machine without having to go through all the network screens (you still may need to do that anyway) is to click START click RUN then delete whatever is on the run line and type in CMD click OK. This will open a black DOS window. In this window you type 'ipconfig /all' without the quotes and hit enter. You will get a technical screen look for IP Address. You will probably also get the DNS servers listed here as well. You should be able to scroll the window upwards in the DOS window to see what scrolled off the screen.

I am not familiar with Mactcpip nor Ethertalk but the terminology should be pretty close and you should be able to use the above information to figure out what to enter into the Mactcpip and Ethertalk configuration screens. TCP/IP hasn't changed that much since it was originally created 20 years ago so it's gotta be pretty close.

I was going to suggest you upgrade to OS 9.2.2 but the hardware is pre-PowerPC and unless it's got a third party upgraded CPU to a PowerPC chip, you are not gonna be able to run OS 9. You would also need a lot of RAM (32M - 64M) compared to what you probably have and the hard disk is most likely very small on storage capacity. That is a very very old laptop you have there. It was one of the first models to come with a dual scan passive matrix 640 x 480 color screen. That makes it seriously old. It weighs 6.4 pounds and todays 12" PowerBook weighs 4.6 pounds and that makes it almost 2 pounds lighter then the PowerBook 520c. The PowerBook 520c was introduced 5/16/1994 and that makes it 12 years old!

Hmm... It is encouraging that Apple hardware has lasted that long without an electrical short or other failure. I commend you on the effort, but you may need to throw in the towel if you can't get that third party tcp/ip to function. If you don't have the cash for a newer Apple laptop, may I suggest finding something at least less then 6-8 years old on eBay.com.
stottm - Jan 28, 2006 - 10:51 am
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Another thing, here is a quick look at some common TCP/IP settings that any computer connecting to the Internet or local TCP/IP network would need.

IP Address: 192.168.1.120 (either static or assigned by a DHCP server)
Net Mask: 255.255.255.0 (sometimes 255.255.252.0)
Broadcast: 192.168.1.255
Gateway: 192.168.1.1 (NAT router or computer acting as NAT router)
DNS: 192.168.1.1 (same as NAT router or computer acting as NAT router)
192.168.1.1 (secondary backup DNS server if primary fails)

DNS may also be set to the Internet Service Provider DNS servers. i.e. something in a different address range entirely. 68.123.57.13, etc.

Run 'ipconfig /all' without the quotes, on the computer connected to the cable modem at a DOS prompt and you should see two different IP addresses. I hope, you would if it was using two ethernet adaptors but you said one is USB to the cable modem. The IP address that starts in the range 192.168.x.x or 10.x.x.x is the one you need. If the other address is something strange like 68.157.33.70 then that is the address coming from the Internet Service Provder. The DNS servers for the ISP should also be listed on this screen. You may need to enter those instead of the IP address in the range of 192.168.1.x for the PowerBook if you cannot resolve web pages.

Reply to this answer for further help. I will try to keep an eye out for your response.
stottm - Jan 28, 2006 - 11:16 am
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The way the windows network functions:

NAT = Network Address Translation

The primary computer is connected to the cable modem and receives an IP address from the Internet Service Provider. It then uses NAT to route communications from the local subnet usually an address range starting with 192.168.x.x. which goes to the other computers.

Full details here: http://computer.howstuffworks.com/nat2.htm

This primary NAT computer will then have 2 ip addresses one from the ISP and one going to the non-routable local subnet network (the other two Windows boxes connected to the hub and hopefully your PowerBook).

The ISP can only see the primary NAT computer and not the other computers. The NAT computer acts like a common broadband router (Linksys, Netgear, etc.).

Two ways it can be setup:

1. DYNAMIC: Primary NAT computer gets an IP address from the ISP via DHCP and then doles out addresses automatically to the two windows computers connected to the hub also via DHCP. This is all automatic so it should just auto-configure and is the preferred way to set things up if at all possible.
2. STATIC: Primary NAT computer gets an IP address from the ISP via DHCP and then expects the other computers connected to the hub to have proper static addresses in the same range as the network card connected to the hub on the primary NAT computer. This is by default 192.168.1.x range in WinXP.

Under Static the setup would be like this:

Primary NAT computer settings:
Ethernet Card going to Hub:
IP Address: 192.168.1.1
Netmask: 255.255.255.0
Broadcast: 192.168.1.255
Gateway: 68.24.13.57 <- address assigned by cable modem on same computer.
DNS: 68.70.157.8
DNS: 68.70.157.10

USB cable going to cable modem:
IP Address: 68.24.13.57 <- ip address from ISP
Netmask: 255.255.255.0
Broadcast: 68.23.13.255
Gateway: 68.100.23.10 <- Gateway on ISP's network managed by ISP
DNS: 68.70.157.8
DNS: 68.70.157.10

Windows box1 connected to the hub
IP Address: 192.168.1.10
Netmask: 255.255.255.0
Broadcast: 192.168.1.255
Gateway: 192.168.1.1 <- ip address of ethernet card in Primary NAT box.
DNS: 68.70.157.8 <- or could be 192.168.1.1 as primary may forward DNS to ISP DNS
DNS: 68.70.157.10 <- or could be 192.168.1.1 as primary may forward DNS to ISP DNS

Windows box2 connected to the hub
IP Address: 192.168.1.11 <- different address must be unique
Netmask: 255.255.255.0
Broadcast: 192.168.1.255
Gateway: 192.168.1.1 <- ip address of ethernet card in Primary NAT box.
DNS: 68.70.157.8 <- or could be 192.168.1.1 as primary may forward DNS to ISP DNS
DNS: 68.70.157.10 <- or could be 192.168.1.1 as primary may forward DNS to ISP DNS

Your PowerBook laptop:
IP Address: 192.168.1.12 <- again must be unique to each computer
Netmask: 255.255.255.0
Broadcast: 192.168.1.255
Gateway: 192.168.1.1 <- ip address of ethernet card in Primary NAT box.
DNS: 68.70.157.8 <- or could be 192.168.1.1 as primary may forward DNS to ISP DNS
DNS: 68.70.157.10 <- or could be 192.168.1.1 as primary may forward DNS to ISP DNS

If the two Windows boxes connected to the hub are set to "Obtain IP Address via DHCP" and you can do the same with the PowerBook settings, you may only need to configure the DNS possibly. Try using 192.168.1.1 or whatever the IP address of the Primary NAT boxes ethernet card connected to the hub is. Or set it to the DNS server from the ISP as that will also work. You only need one DNS server but most ISP's have 2-3 of them in case the primary one fails.

Now that I've fried your brains, try it out after you have a cup of coffee!
stottm - Feb 12, 2006 - 6:46 am
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I've continued to look into your problem. The WinXP computers are running TCP/IP version 4 and the Mac OS 7.5 with MacTCP are running much older networking protocols.

I found the following article:
"Still Running MacTCP? It's Time to Upgrade"
http://cc.uoregon.edu/cnews/winter20...de_mactcp.html

The article specifically mentions problems first noticed in the year 2000 and the article was written in 2001 with Mac OS 7.5 and MacTCP having compatibility problems with the Internet.

Another article:
"MacTCP No Longer Works Reliably in Modern Network Environments. . .Mac Users are Advised to Upgrade to Open Transport"
http://cc.uoregon.edu/cnews/spring20...nreliable.html

Further details:
http://micro.uoregon.edu/macintosh/mactcp.html

You will need:
Short term: Mac OS 7.6.1 (minimum)
Long-term: PowerMac with 64+ MB of RAM and Mac OS 8.1 or above

So looks like you will need to upgrade the OS. I would take the recommended long term solution and upgrade your RAM to at least 64MB and install Mac OS 8.1 rather then trying to locate the third party patch for Mac OS 7.x MacTCP. The patch requires enough free RAM and you will need to original Mac OS 7.5 operating system disks. At this point in time, the patch will probably not fix the problem. i.e. when this article was written in 2000/2001 the problems with MacTCP were considered to only get worse as the Internet expanded and upgraded to handle VoIP ( Voice Over IP - Vonage, Skype, etc. ).

So you are gonna have to find someone with at least Mac OS 7.6.1 or Mac OS 8.1 if you can find a memory vendor that still has those old memory chips. i.e. if you go to Mac OS 8.1 you will need to have 64MB of RAM and that PowerBook originally shipped with only 32MB of RAM.
kwng - Feb 12, 2006 - 7:33 am
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Thank you for your help. I have managed to access internet after upgarding my OS to 7.5.3. for sometime now. Now I have upgraded it to 7.5.5. because 7.5.3 is not stable for internet access (browser hangs frequently). I can't upgrade any higher because I don't have 7.6. or 8.0.
By the way, how do I upgrade powerbook 520c memory or HD? What type of memory does it use? how do I disassemble the powerbook or open up the powerbook. I am still using mactcp. The weird thing is when I select tcpip instead mactcp at the network selection option, the internet access is gone i.e. I cannot surf or there is no network. I don't know why. However, I still could not ftp to anywhere using anarchie. I hope you can recommend any good free ftp client software.
stottm - Feb 12, 2006 - 9:13 am
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The 7.6.1 upgrade is considered more 'stable' then the 7.5.5 version. The 8.1 is even more stable.

eBay is your friend, search for "Mac OS CDROM" and you will find several versions. There are some folks out there cleaning out their attics and selling their vintage stuff. You might as well search for "Apple PowerBook" because there are newer PowerBooks being auctioned off as well. There are fantastic deals to be had on eBay.

Finding parts, especially a hard disk is going to be a hassle. The RAM will be easier, I found some after a Google search. You might find it easier to add an external hardisk via the external SCSI adaptor rather then attempting to find a very old internal IDE drive. It will be easier to find an old SCSI desktop drive then a laptop IDE drive that will work with that Mac.

You have ventured into the Vintage Mac world, so you need to find others who have gone down the same path. So here is a USENET NEWS Group that is right up your alley.

Usenet Groups where you can get further help:
http://groups.google.com/group/vintage-macs - Register on Google and you can post to this group. You might as well get a free GMail account while you are at it.

Here's a good site:
http://www.lowendmac.com/pb/520c.shtml

Apple Mac OS 8.1 requirements:
http://docs.info.apple.com/article.html?artnum=30363

You can find vintage PowerBook dis-assembly instructions here (Chapter 5 = 520 series):
http://hyperarchive.lcs.mit.edu/Hype...rui-30-pdf.hqx

Highly rated shareware FTP client $25 after 15 day trial - http://fetchsoftworks.com/Fetch4.sit - There was always more shareware then freeware back in the early Mac OS days. I am having trouble finding a an FTP client that will both run on Mac OS 7 and is free.

That's about all the help I can offer on this problem of yours... We've been off topic with this thread for quite some time. This site is for Mac OS X support.

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